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cable,twisted pair, microwave,fiber optics

A coaxial cable consists of a copper wire core covered by an insulating material and a layer of conducting material over that.
This is generally used for CATV (cable TV) and broadband Internet. This has high bandwidth. This requires repeaters. It is highly susceptible to EMI.
This is the slowest of the given choices
This is generally used for CATV (cable TV) and broadband Internet. This has high bandwidth. This requires repeaters. It is highly susceptible to EMI.
This is the slowest of the given choices.

A twisted pair consists of two copper wires twisted around each other (each has its own insulation around it) like a double helix.
This is generally used for telephone wires. Their bandwidth is not as high as coaxial cables. This also requires repeaters. This is not affected too much by EMI due to the outer conducting layer which acts as a shield.

Microwaves are high frequency radio waves used mainly for long distance communication and Satellite communication. This requires repeaters too. This is not susceptible to EMI in the sense that any interfering signal on the transmission path has no effect on what is received. However if there is an interfering source aimed at the receiver, the data can be all garbled. This is as fast as you can go with radio waves.

Fiber optics uses light waves transmitted over optical fibers for communication. They have very high bandwidth. Repeaters are required. However as compared to the first two modes listed above, the repeaters required are lesser.
This mode of communication is least susceptible to EMI. This is the fastest of the lot. However the speed is limited by the electronic circuits that receive and decode the signals.

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