It
is necessary to describe the organization, of the data in a formal
manner. The logical and physical database descriptions are used by DBMS
software. The complete and overall description of data is referred to as
schema, The schema and subschema words are brought into DBMS by CODASYL
(Conference on data system language1 committee) and also by the
CODASYL’s database task group. Schema is also referred to as conceptual
model or global view (community view) of data. Suppose a complete
description of collected data having all classes and student data4 all
employees (teaching & non-teaching) data and other concept of data
related to the college is called Schema of the college. We can say that
we relate whole college data logically, which is called schema.
Computer Buses A computer system consists of different devices.CPU must be able to communicate with all devices. The devices are connected together by a communications channel called bus. A bus consists of a set of communication lines or wires. It is used to move a large amount of bits in the form of electrical pulses from one unit to another. The bus is used to connect the following units: Central Processing Unit Control Unit Arithmetic and Logic Unit Main Memory ( RAM, ROM) Input / Output Devices Bus is a common path to transfer data and commands between CPU, memory and input / output devices.It is also used to send or receive data from secondary storage.The capacity of a bus depends on the number of data lines in it.A bus with 16 lines can carry 16 bits or 2 bytes at a time. A bus with 32 lines can carry 32 bits or 4 bytes at a time . Types Of Buses Different types of buses are as follows: 1. Data Bus 2.Addres...
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